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However, how do you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their job
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative way I like to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds easy, right
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Of course, this guessing is done by your PC. The more powerful your computer is, the more guesses you can create in a second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to figure correctly, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the right suspect, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with your solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can affirm it. Its somewhat similar to a Rubiks cube: The solution is very hard to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution upgrades its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions you chose to include in the cube.
4. The machine generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the block youve just entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the simple fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part is merely a by-product of this transaction confirmation process. Therefore the name is a bit misleading, since the main objective of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed every time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a manner that the more mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining mathematics problem. Therefore the difficulty of this mining process is actually self-adjusting to the accumulated mining capability the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it is going to get more difficult to address the issue; when many of them drop off, it will get easier. This is known as mining issue.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two cubes being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has made a sort of arms race to acquire the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a few the only individuals mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was low. As Bitcoin started to catch on, people looked for more powerful mining solutions.